Faraday Journal recognizes that Artificial Intelligence (AI), including generative AI tools and AI-assisted technologies, may support various activities in academic research and scholarly publishing. These activities include language improvement, literature exploration, data analysis, coding, modeling, simulation, and the preparation of scientific manuscripts.
However, the use of AI must not compromise research integrity, scientific validity, transparency, originality, confidentiality, or publication ethics.
This policy establishes the requirements governing the use of AI by authors, editors, reviewers, and other individuals involved in the editorial and publication processes of Faraday Journal.
This policy applies to all manuscript submissions, including original research articles, review articles, and other scholarly contributions considered for publication in Faraday Journal.
The use of AI in scholarly publishing must comply with the following principles:
Human accountability: Authors remain fully responsible for the accuracy, originality, integrity, and scientific validity of their manuscripts, regardless of whether AI tools have been used.
Transparency: Any substantive use of AI in preparing a manuscript or conducting research must be appropriately disclosed.
Scientific integrity: AI must not be used to fabricate data, falsify findings, manipulate evidence deceptively, or misrepresent research activities.
Originality: AI-assisted content must not infringe copyright, plagiarize existing works, or misrepresent the intellectual contributions of others.
Confidentiality: AI tools must not be used in ways that compromise confidential manuscripts, unpublished research, personal information, or intellectual property.
Human oversight: AI-generated or AI-assisted outputs must be critically evaluated and verified by qualified human researchers.
Fair editorial assessment: Editorial decisions must be based on the quality, validity, originality, and ethical integrity of the manuscript, rather than solely on an AI-detection score.
Faraday Journal permits the responsible use of AI tools to support academic writing and research, provided that authors maintain appropriate human oversight and comply with this policy.
Permitted uses include, but are not limited to:
Correcting grammar, spelling, punctuation, and sentence structure.
Improving language clarity, readability, and academic writing style.
Translating text between languages, provided that the translated content is checked for accuracy.
Assisting with literature exploration and identifying potentially relevant research, provided that all sources are independently verified.
Supporting data analysis, statistical calculations, coding, and computational workflows, provided that the methods and results are validated.
Assisting with mathematical modeling, numerical simulation, and scientific problem-solving, provided that the underlying assumptions, methods, and outputs are appropriately evaluated.
Supporting the development of figures, diagrams, illustrations, and visual materials, provided that their use does not misrepresent scientific evidence.
Assisting with the organization of manuscript structure and the preparation of preliminary drafts.
Permission to use AI for these purposes does not exempt authors from verifying the accuracy, originality, and scientific validity of the resulting work.
The following uses of AI are prohibited in submissions to Faraday Journal:
Fabricating, falsifying, or deceptively manipulating research data, experimental results, observations, or scientific evidence.
Generating or altering scientific images in a manner that misrepresents the underlying evidence or experimental findings.
Creating fictitious references, fabricated citations, nonexistent publications, or inaccurate bibliographic information and presenting them as genuine.
Presenting AI-generated content as verified scientific findings without appropriate human evaluation.
Using AI to conceal plagiarism, disguise copied material, or circumvent similarity screening and other research-integrity checks.
Misrepresenting the methods, procedures, calculations, experiments, or analyses actually performed.
Submitting AI-generated content that contains substantial errors, unsupported claims, or misleading conclusions without appropriate verification.
Listing an AI tool, chatbot, or other AI system as an author or co-author.
Using AI in ways that violate copyright, privacy, confidentiality, or other applicable ethical and legal requirements.
Deliberately providing false or incomplete declarations concerning the use of AI in a submitted manuscript.
Any suspected violation will be assessed by the editorial team in accordance with the journal's publication ethics procedures.
Authors must disclose substantive use of AI tools in the preparation of a manuscript or in conducting research when such use contributes to the manuscript's content, analysis, methods, results, or scientific interpretation.
Disclosure is required, for example, when AI is used to:
Generate or substantially rewrite manuscript text.
Summarize or synthesize literature for inclusion in the manuscript.
Perform or materially assist data analysis, coding, modeling, or simulation.
Generate or substantially modify figures, illustrations, or other research-related visual materials.
Develop interpretations, explanations, or conclusions that are incorporated into the manuscript.
Routine spelling, punctuation, and grammar correction that does not materially alter the scientific content generally does not require a separate declaration. Authors must nevertheless ensure that all edited text accurately represents their intended meaning.
The disclosure should identify, where applicable:
The name of the AI tool or system.
The version or model used, if available.
The purpose for which the tool was used.
The relevant part of the research or manuscript in which AI assistance was applied.
The extent of human verification performed.
Authors must not disclose confidential information or upload unpublished manuscripts, personal data, or restricted research materials to external AI systems unless such use is authorized and consistent with applicable confidentiality, privacy, and institutional requirements.
Authors who have used AI tools may include the following statement in the manuscript:
Declaration of Generative AI and AI-Assisted Technologies
"During the preparation of this manuscript, the authors used [name of AI tool or system] for [specific purpose]. The authors reviewed and verified the AI-assisted content and take full responsibility for the accuracy, originality, integrity, and final content of the published work."
If AI was used in research analysis, coding, modeling, simulation, or image generation, the declaration should describe that use specifically. Relevant technical details must also be included in the Methods section when necessary for reproducibility.
If no AI tools were used in preparing the manuscript or conducting the reported research, authors may include the following statement if requested by the journal:
"The authors declare that no generative AI or AI-assisted technologies were used in the preparation of this manuscript or in conducting the reported research."
Faraday Journal may use AI-detection tools as preliminary screening instruments during the editorial assessment of submitted manuscripts.
For internal editorial screening, an AI-detection score of 20% or higher may trigger additional assessment by the editorial team.
This threshold is an internal screening indicator established by the journal. It is not a universal academic standard, does not represent a scientifically definitive measure of AI use, and must not be interpreted as automatic evidence of misconduct.
The following principles apply:
A score below 20% does not guarantee that a manuscript complies with this policy.
A score of 20% or higher does not automatically establish that a manuscript has been improperly generated by AI.
Editorial decisions must not be based solely on AI-detection scores.
The editorial team may consider the manuscript's content, the author's AI-use declaration, the nature of the AI-assisted work, the scientific methods, and other relevant evidence.
Authors may be asked to clarify their use of AI or provide additional information about the preparation of their manuscripts.
If concerns remain after further assessment, the editorial team may take appropriate action in accordance with the journal's publication ethics procedures.
AI-detection results must be interpreted cautiously because detection tools may produce false positives or false negatives. The absence of a high detection score does not establish that AI was not used, while a high score alone does not establish misconduct.
The 20% threshold should be reviewed periodically to ensure that its implementation remains fair, consistent, and appropriate for the journal's editorial workflow.
AI tools, including chatbots and generative AI systems, cannot be listed as authors or co-authors of manuscripts submitted to Faraday Journal.
Authorship requires human accountability for the research, including the ability to address questions concerning the accuracy, integrity, originality, and interpretation of the work.
Authors must ensure that:
All listed authors meet the journal's authorship requirements.
AI tools are not credited as authors.
AI-assisted contributions are disclosed when required by this policy.
The manuscript accurately represents the contributions made by the human authors.
All authors have reviewed and approved the final manuscript.
The use of AI does not transfer or reduce the responsibility of the authors for any part of the submitted or published work.
Authors may use AI-assisted tools in data processing, statistical analysis, coding, numerical computation, mathematical modeling, and scientific simulation when such use is scientifically appropriate.
However, authors remain responsible for validating the methods and outputs.
Where relevant, manuscripts must provide sufficient methodological information to allow readers and reviewers to understand and evaluate the research. This may include:
The AI tool, software, model, or computational framework used.
The version and relevant settings or parameters.
The input data and preprocessing procedures.
The analytical or computational workflow.
The validation procedures and performance metrics.
The limitations and potential sources of error.
The availability of code, data, or other materials necessary for reproducibility, subject to ethical, legal, and confidentiality restrictions.
AI-generated calculations, classifications, predictions, or interpretations must be checked for plausibility and correctness.
Authors must not present synthetic data as experimentally observed or independently collected data. If synthetic or AI-generated data are used as part of a legitimate research method, their origin, generation procedure, purpose, and limitations must be clearly described.
AI-assisted coding or simulation does not, by itself, establish the validity of a scientific result. Authors must independently evaluate the correctness and suitability of the methods used.
The use of AI tools to generate or modify images, figures, diagrams, or other visual materials must be consistent with scientific integrity and transparency.
Authors must not use AI to create or manipulate research images in ways that fabricate experimental observations, remove relevant evidence, introduce misleading features, or otherwise distort the scientific record.
Where AI-generated or AI-modified visual materials form a substantive part of the research, authors must disclose their use and describe the relevant procedures.
Authors must also ensure that all visual materials comply with applicable copyright, licensing, privacy, and consent requirements.
The editorial team may request original image files, supporting data, or other evidence when the authenticity of a visual material is in question.
Editors of Faraday Journal may use AI-assisted tools for appropriate administrative or editorial support, provided that their use does not compromise editorial independence, confidentiality, fairness, or publication ethics.
AI may assist with activities such as:
Improving the clarity of routine editorial communications.
Organizing non-confidential administrative information.
Supporting preliminary language checks.
Assisting with administrative workflows that do not replace editorial judgment.
Editors must not delegate final editorial decisions to AI systems.
Editorial decisions must be based on the manuscript's scientific quality, originality, relevance, methodological rigor, ethical compliance, and the assessments of qualified human editors and reviewers.
Editors must also ensure that the use of AI does not introduce bias or unfair treatment into the evaluation of submissions.
Peer reviewers must protect the confidentiality of manuscripts and all associated materials provided for review.
Reviewers must not upload or disclose unpublished manuscripts, confidential research data, figures, supplementary files, or other confidential materials to public or external AI tools unless explicitly authorized by the journal and consistent with applicable confidentiality requirements.
Reviewers must not delegate the substantive evaluation of a manuscript to AI systems in place of their own expert judgment.
If AI-assisted tools are permitted for a limited aspect of the review process, reviewers remain responsible for the accuracy, relevance, fairness, and confidentiality of their assessments.
Peer reviewers must not rely on AI-generated evaluations without independently checking the scientific arguments and evidence.
Reviewers must also disclose any relevant AI use if requested by the editorial team and must comply with the journal's reviewer confidentiality and ethical requirements.
All authors, editors, and reviewers must exercise caution when using AI tools that process or store submitted manuscripts, unpublished research, personal data, or confidential information.
Before using an AI tool, users must consider its data-handling practices, privacy terms, security provisions, and applicable institutional requirements.
Confidential manuscript content must not be entered into an external AI system if doing so would violate the journal's confidentiality obligations, the rights of authors, applicable law, or institutional policies.
Users are responsible for ensuring that AI-assisted work respects copyright, licensing conditions, attribution requirements, and other applicable intellectual property rights.
The use of AI does not remove the obligation to obtain permission for copyrighted material when permission is required.
Faraday Journal may assess suspected violations of this policy at submission, during peer review, before acceptance, or after publication.
When concerns arise, the editorial team may:
Request clarification regarding the use of AI.
Request a more detailed AI-use declaration.
Request relevant original data, code, images, analytical procedures, or supporting documentation.
Seek additional expert assessment where appropriate.
Return a manuscript for clarification or correction.
Reject a manuscript when a serious violation is established or when significant concerns remain unresolved.
Apply appropriate post-publication measures, including correction or retraction, when necessary and consistent with the journal's publication ethics procedures.
Actions will be proportionate to the nature and seriousness of the concern and based on an assessment of the available evidence.
An AI-detection score alone is insufficient to establish a violation of this policy.
By submitting a manuscript to Faraday Journal, authors confirm that:
The manuscript complies with the journal's AI policy.
Any required use of AI has been disclosed accurately.
All AI-assisted content has been reviewed and verified by the authors.
All references and citations are genuine and have been checked against reliable sources.
The reported data, methods, analyses, and conclusions accurately represent the research conducted.
No AI tool has been listed as an author.
The manuscript does not contain fabricated data, deceptive manipulation of scientific evidence, or other prohibited uses of AI.
The authors accept full responsibility for the manuscript and its contents.
Failure to comply with these requirements may result in editorial action under the journal's publication ethics procedures.
Faraday Journal may update this policy in response to developments in AI technology, scholarly publishing standards, research-integrity practices, and recommendations from relevant publication ethics organizations.
Authors, editors, and reviewers are expected to comply with the version of the policy applicable to their submissions or editorial activities.
The journal encourages the responsible use of AI where it supports legitimate research and scholarly communication. However, AI must remain a supporting tool and must not replace human accountability, scientific reasoning, critical evaluation, or ethical research practices.
The development and implementation of this policy are informed by the following publication ethics resources and publisher guidance:
Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). Authorship and AI Tools. Available at: https://doi.org/10.24318/cCVRZBms
Elsevier. Generative AI Policies for Journals. Available at: https://www.elsevier.com/about/policies-and-standards/generative-ai-policies-for-journals
Taylor & Francis. AI Policy. Available at: https://taylorandfrancis.com/our-policies/ai-policy/
International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE). Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing, and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals. Available at: https://www.icmje.org/
These resources provide guidance on transparency, authorship, human accountability, confidentiality, and responsible AI use in scholarly publishing. The 20% AI-detection screening threshold specified in this policy is an internal editorial recommendation of Faraday Journal and should not be interpreted as a threshold mandated by these organizations.
Faraday Journal
Policy Area: Publication Ethics and Editorial Policy
Subject: Responsible Use of Artificial Intelligence in Scholarly Publishing
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